月份: 2019 年 4 月

佛學是科學的嗎？
.
2013年以來，心理學界的一個思想逐漸成為主流，是說人在進化中大腦產生了至少七種思想模組 ——

1 保護自我；
2 吸引配偶，以產生後代，延續基因；
3 保住配偶，不被他人搶走；
4 爭取群體認同感，希望加入組織，獲得社交和團隊合作；
5 關愛親屬，保護自己的家人；
6 獲得社會地位；
7 避免疾病，我們會遠離不乾淨的東西，喜歡舒適的環境。
.
這個理論認為，這些思想模組互相爭奪人的大腦控制，所以人們經常會有多種想法，而且會時不時冒出各種稀奇古怪的主意。
.
這個理論認為，思想模組佔據大腦的方法是感情，感情最強烈的模組就會主導人的決定。所謂的理性只是給感情提供了信息和輔助，最終的決定仍然是某個思想模組輸出的感情。
.
這個理論認為，所以從這個角度理解，人的決定只是被這些思想模組推動的，人的意志只是後來給這個決定找的藉口而已。甚至有學者悲觀的認為，人是沒有自由意志的。
.
但是，一個重要的發現改變了這個悲觀的想法。
.
一個同時禪修和研究心理學的學者在2017年著書說，他發現可以通過禪修，觀察，接受和分析這些感情，不受各種思想模組的困擾，乃至專注於這件事，取得對事情的洞見，做出自由的決定，來掌握自己的自由意志。
.
這個學者就是普林斯頓大學的進化心理學教授羅伯特·賴特 (Robert Wright)，這本書是紐約時報暢銷書《佛學是真的》(Why Buddhism is True)。
.
這本書中，作者通過最新的神經科學，心理學等研究成果，結合自己禪修的經驗，以及其他修行人的體悟，和對西方佛學的理解，試圖解讀佛學的一些基本理念，包括苦，無我，五蘊皆空，正念，因緣，涅槃等。
.
不論作者對佛學的解讀是否正確，有越來越多的科學家來認識和研究佛學，我覺得是很好的事情。
.
佛學本身是博大精深的，是對外了解自然規律和對內認識自我的大學問，所以相信會有更多的科學家認識和發現其中的奧妙。
.
所以，你說佛學是不是很科學呢？
.
#佛學是真的, #佛學是科學的, #自由意志, #思想模組, #心理學,#佛學

Is Buddhism scientific?

Since 2013, a thesis gradually became mainstream in the psychology world : that the brains of humans subconsciously have been known to produce at least seven ‘thought’ modules/ functions:
1. trigger self-protection mechanism;
2. attract spouses so as to produce offsprings and sustain the genes;
3. retain the spouse so that he/ she would not be taken by others;
4. strive to achieve team acceptance, with the aim to join the team to access the society and take part in team collaboration;
5. care for relatives and protect their families;
6. attain social status;
7. avoid diseases, stay away from unclean factors, in favor of a comfortable environment.

The theory is that these thought modules compete with one another to assert control over the human brain. Thus, humans often derive a variety of ideas, and from time to time come up with all kinds of bizarre ideas.

The theory proposes that the way the thought module ‘manipulates’ the brain is through emotion, and the module with the strongest feelings will dominate the person’s decision.
The so-called ‘logical reason’ only serves to provide information to substantiate the feelings that form the crux of the final decision in the thought module.

This theory thus concludes from this perspective that peoples’ decisions are only driven by these thought modules. Human will only enters subsequent to the decision so as to find an excuse. There are even pessimistic academics that propose that people do not have free will (in their decisions).

However, an important discovery has changed this pessimistic thought.

A scholar of both meditation and psychology wrote in 2017 that he found that he could regain control of his free will by meditating, observing, accepting and analyzing these feelings, and not be perturbed by these varying thought modules. He could even focus on the issue at hand, gain fundamental insights and make independent decisions based on his free will.

This scholar is Robert Wright, a professor of Evolutionary Psychology at the Princeton University, who authored the New York Times bestseller, ‘Why Buddhism is True’.

In this book, the author consolidated the latest research findings in neuroscience, psychology and other fields with his and other practitioners’ meditative practices, the understanding of Western Buddhism, and tried to interpret some of the basic tenets of Buddhism, including suffering, non-self, emptiness of the Five Aggregates, right mindfulness, cause-and-effect, nirvana and so on.

Without regard to the author’s interpretation of Buddhism, more and more scientists are gaining awareness of and studying Buddhism, which I feel is a good thing.

Buddhist studies in itself is extensive and profound. It evaluates both the understanding of the external laws of nature as well as the understanding of oneself. Thus, I believe that more scientists will seek to explore and discover its splendor.

So, would you not agree that Buddhism is very scientific?

#BuddhismIsTrue, #BuddhismIsScience, #BuddhismIsScientific, #FreeWill, #ThoughtModule, #Psychology, #BuddhistStudiesrnrn佛學是科學的嗎？
.
2013年以來，心理學界的一個思想逐漸成為主流，是說人在進化中大腦產生了至少七種思想模組 ——

1 保護自我；
2 吸引配偶，以產生後代，延續基因；
3 保住配偶，不被他人搶走；
4 爭取群體認同感，希望加入組織，獲得社交和團隊合作；
5 關愛親屬，保護自己的家人；
6 獲得社會地位；
7 避免疾病，我們會遠離不乾淨的東西，喜歡舒適的環境。
.
這個理論認為，這些思想模組互相爭奪人的大腦控制，所以人們經常會有多種想法，而且會時不時冒出各種稀奇古怪的主意。
.
這個理論認為，思想模組佔據大腦的方法是感情，感情最強烈的模組就會主導人的決定。所謂的理性只是給感情提供了信息和輔助，最終的決定仍然是某個思想模組輸出的感情。
.
這個理論認為，所以從這個角度理解，人的決定只是被這些思想模組推動的，人的意志只是後來給這個決定找的藉口而已。甚至有學者悲觀的認為，人是沒有自由意志的。
.
但是，一個重要的發現改變了這個悲觀的想法。
.
一個同時禪修和研究心理學的學者在2017年著書說，他發現可以通過禪修，觀察，接受和分析這些感情，不受各種思想模組的困擾，乃至專注於這件事，取得對事情的洞見，做出自由的決定，來掌握自己的自由意志。
.
這個學者就是普林斯頓大學的進化心理學教授羅伯特·賴特 (Robert Wright)，這本書是紐約時報暢銷書《佛學是真的》(Why Buddhism is True)。
.
這本書中，作者通過最新的神經科學，心理學等研究成果，結合自己禪修的經驗，以及其他修行人的體悟，和對西方佛學的理解，試圖解讀佛學的一些基本理念，包括苦，無我，五蘊皆空，正念，因緣，涅槃等。
.
不論作者對佛學的解讀是否正確，有越來越多的科學家來認識和研究佛學，我覺得是很好的事情。
.
佛學本身是博大精深的，是對外了解自然規律和對內認識自我的大學問，所以相信會有更多的科學家認識和發現其中的奧妙。
.
所以，你說佛學是不是很科學呢？
.
#佛學是真的, #佛學是科學的, #自由意志, #思想模組, #心理學,#佛學

Is Buddhism scientific?

Since 2013, a thesis gradually became mainstream in the psychology world : that the brains of humans subconsciously have been known to produce at least seven ‘thought’ modules/ functions:
1. trigger self-protection mechanism;
2. attract spouses so as to produce offsprings and sustain the genes;
3. retain the spouse so that he/ she would not be taken by others;
4. strive to achieve team acceptance, with the aim to join the team to access the society and take part in team collaboration;
5. care for relatives and protect their families;
6. attain social status;
7. avoid diseases, stay away from unclean factors, in favor of a comfortable environment.

The theory is that these thought modules compete with one another to assert control over the human brain. Thus, humans often derive a variety of ideas, and from time to time come up with all kinds of bizarre ideas.

The theory proposes that the way the thought module ‘manipulates’ the brain is through emotion, and the module with the strongest feelings will dominate the person’s decision.
The so-called ‘logical reason’ only serves to provide information to substantiate the feelings that form the crux of the final decision in the thought module.

This theory thus concludes from this perspective that peoples’ decisions are only driven by these thought modules. Human will only enters subsequent to the decision so as to find an excuse. There are even pessimistic academics that propose that people do not have free will (in their decisions).

However, an important discovery has changed this pessimistic thought.

A scholar of both meditation and psychology wrote in 2017 that he found that he could regain control of his free will by meditating, observing, accepting and analyzing these feelings, and not be perturbed by these varying thought modules. He could even focus on the issue at hand, gain fundamental insights and make independent decisions based on his free will.

This scholar is Robert Wright, a professor of Evolutionary Psychology at the Princeton University, who authored the New York Times bestseller, ‘Why Buddhism is True’.

In this book, the author consolidated the latest research findings in neuroscience, psychology and other fields with his and other practitioners’ meditative practices, the understanding of Western Buddhism, and tried to interpret some of the basic tenets of Buddhism, including suffering, non-self, emptiness of the Five Aggregates, right mindfulness, cause-and-effect, nirvana and so on.

Without regard to the author’s interpretation of Buddhism, more and more scientists are gaining awareness of and studying Buddhism, which I feel is a good thing.

Buddhist studies in itself is extensive and profound. It evaluates both the understanding of the external laws of nature as well as the understanding of oneself. Thus, I believe that more scientists will seek to explore and discover its splendor.

So, would you not agree that Buddhism is very scientific?

#BuddhismIsTrue, #BuddhismIsScience, #BuddhismIsScientific, #FreeWill, #ThoughtModule, #Psychology, #BuddhistStudies

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